---> 1. Trying to assign by reference the return value of a function that returns by value: Notice: Only variables should be assigned by reference in %s on line 17 int(5) int(100) ---> 2. Trying to assign by reference the return value of a function that returns a constant by ref: Notice: Only variable references should be returned by reference in %s on line 7 int(5) int(100) ---> 3. Trying to assign by reference the return value of a function that returns by ref: int(5) int(5)