---> 1. Via a return by ref function call, assign by reference the return value of a function that returns by value: Notice: Only variable references should be returned by reference in %s on line 15 int(5) int(100) ---> 2. Via a return by ref function call, assign by reference the return value of a function that returns a constant by ref: Notice: Only variable references should be returned by reference in %s on line 7 int(5) int(100) ---> 3. Via a return by ref function call, assign by reference the return value of a function that returns by ref: int(5) int(5)